\u6587\u7ae0\u6765\u6e90: \u500d\u53ef\u4eb2 \u2013 \u65b0\u95fb\u53d6\u81ea\u5404\u5927\u65b0\u95fb\u5a92\u4f53\uff0c\u65b0\u95fb\u5185\u5bb9\u5e76\u4e0d\u4ee3\u8868\u672c\u7f51\u7acb\u573a\u3000\u3000<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u82ae\u6210\u94a2<\/u><\/a><\/strong>\uff081977\u5e749\u670824\u65e5\u2014\uff09\uff0c\u5b89\u5fbd\u5408\u80a5\u4eba\uff0c\u524d\u4e2d\u56fd\u4e2d\u592e\u7535\u89c6\u53f0\u8bb0\u8005\u3001\u4e3b\u64ad<\/u><\/a>[1]\uff0c\u66fe\u662f\u592e\u89c6<\/u><\/a>\u91c7\u8bbf\u56fd\u9645\u653f\u5546\u9886\u8896\u7684\u4e3b\u529b\u30022014\u5e747\u670811\u65e5\u8d77\uff0c\u82ae\u6210\u94a2\u88ab\u5409\u6797\u7701\u4eba\u6c11\u68c0\u5bdf\u9662\u5e26\u8d70\u8c03\u67e5\uff0c\u5224\u76d1\u516d\u5e74\u30022020\u5e7411\u6708\u83b7\u91ca\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u751f\u5e73<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u3000\u65e9\u5e74<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u82ae\u6210\u94a2\u751f\u4e8e\u5408\u80a5\uff0c\u7236\u4eb2\u9ec4\u5bb6\u4f50\uff08\u7b14\u540d\u201c\u7ae5\u8fb9\u201d\uff09\u662f\u513f\u7ae5\u6587\u5b66\u300a\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u5c0f\u77f3\u67f1\u300b\u7684\u4f5c\u8005\uff0c\u82ae\u540d\u5373\u6765\u81ea\u300a\u65b0\u6765\u7684\u5c0f\u77f3\u67f1\u300b\u7684\u4e3b\u4eba\u516c\u77f3\u6210\u94a2[2]\uff1b\u6bcd\u4eb2\u82ae\u6dd1\u654f\uff0c\u5148\u540e\u6bd5\u4e1a\u4e8e\u5b89\u5fbd\u827a\u672f\u5b66\u9662\u821e\u8e48\u8868\u6f14\u4e13\u4e1a\u548c\u5b89\u5fbd\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u6587\u7cfb\uff0c\u66fe\u4efb\u5b89\u5fbd\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u534f\u4f1a\u4f1a\u957f\uff0c\u540e\u4efb\u4e2d\u56fd\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u534f\u4f1a\u7406\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u821e\u8e48\u5bb6\u534f\u4f1a\u540d\u8a89\u4e3b\u5e2d\uff1b\u6709\u4e00\u59ca\u9ec4\u71d5\u5b81\uff0c\u5927\u5b66\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u5b89\u5fbd\u7535\u89c6\u53f0\u62c5\u4efb\u4e3b\u64ad\uff0c\u540e\u8d74\u7f8e\uff0c\u5148\u6210\u4e3a\u4e00\u540d\u9ad8\u79d1\u6280\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\uff0c\u540e\u548c\u670b\u53cb\u5408\u5f00\u706b\u9505\u5e97 [3]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u82ae\u6210\u94a2\u4ece\u5c0f\u6210\u7ee9\u4f18\u5f02\uff0c\u4ece\u4e09\u5e74\u7ea7\u8d77\u5f00\u59cb\u5b66\u4e60\u82f1\u8bed\uff0c\u521d\u4e00\u5373\u548c\u5bb6\u5ead\u6559\u5e08\u5b66\u4e60\u539f\u7248\u6559\u6750\u3002\u4e2d\u5b66\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u62c5\u4efb\u5408\u80a5\u516b\u4e2d\u5b66\u751f\u4f1a\u4e3b\u5e2d\u3002[4]1995\u5e74\u53c2\u52a0\u9ad8\u8003\uff0c\u4ee5\u5408\u80a5\u5e02\u6587\u79d1\u9ad8\u8003\u72b6\u5143\uff0c\u5b89\u5fbd\u7701\u6587\u79d1\u7b2c\u56db\u540d\uff0c\u8003\u5165\u5916\u4ea4\u5b66\u9662\u82f1\u8bed\u7cfb\u56fd\u9645\u7ecf\u6d4e\u73ed\u30021998\u5e74\u7ecf\u9009\u62d4\u4ee3\u8868\u5916\u4ea4\u5b66\u9662\u53c2\u52a0\u201c21\u4e16\u7eaa\u676f\u201d\u5168\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u82f1\u8bed\u6f14\u8bb2\u6bd4\u8d5b\uff0c\u83b7\u5168\u56fd\u7b2c\u4e8c\u540d[5][6][7]\uff1b\u540c\u5e74\u4ee3\u8868\u4e2d\u56fd\u8d74\u4f26\u6566\u53c2\u52a0\u201c1998\u4f26\u6566\u56fd\u9645\u6f14\u8bb2\u6bd4\u8d5b\u201d\u51fb\u8d25\u6765\u81ea\u7f8e\u56fd\u3001\u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u7b49\u56fd\u9009\u624b\uff0c\u83b7\u7b2c\u56db\u540d\uff0c\u4e3a\u5f53\u5e74\u4e9a\u6d32\u9009\u624b\u6700\u597d\u6210\u7ee9[8]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u3000\u592e\u89c6<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u30001999\u5e74\u4ece\u5916\u4ea4\u5b66\u9662\u6bd5\u4e1a\uff0c\u4ed6\u62ff\u5230\u4e86\u56db\u4e2a\u673a\u4f1a\uff1a\u5916\u4ea4\u5b98\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u94f6\u884c\u884c\u957f\u5916\u4e8b\u79d8\u4e66<\/u><\/a>\u3001\u5168\u989d\u5956\u5b66\u91d1\u7684\u51fa\u56fd\u673a\u4f1a\u548c\u6b63\u5728\u7b79\u5efa\u7684\u592e\u89c6\u82f1\u8bed\u9891\u9053\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u9009\u62e9\u4e86\u592e\u89c6\u82f1\u8bed\u9891\u9053\u3002[9]2003\u5e74\u62c5\u4efb\u82f1\u8bed\u56fd\u9645\u9891\u9053\u4e3b\u64ad\uff0c\u4e3b\u6301\u300a\u8d22\u7ecf\u4e2d\u56fd\u300b\u8282\u76ee\u3002\u4ed6\u4e8e2008\u5e744\u6708\u6b63\u5f0f\u8c03\u79bb\u4e86\u4e3a\u4e4b\u670d\u52a1\u4e868\u5e74\u7684CCTV-9\u82f1\u8bed\u9891\u9053\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u6b63\u5f0f\u8c03\u5165CCTV-2\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9891\u9053\uff0c\u52a0\u76df\u7ecf\u6d4e\u9891\u9053\u56fd\u9645\u7ec4\uff0c\u4e3b\u6301\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4fe1\u606f\u8054\u64ad\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u534a\u5c0f\u65f6\u300b\u3001\u300a\u73af\u7403\u8d22\u7ecf\u8fde\u7ebf\u300b\u7b49\u680f\u76ee\u4ee5\u53ca\u300a\u82ae\u6210\u94a2\uff0d\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u4e13\u8bbf\u300b\u30022005\u5e74\uff0c\u88ab\u7f8e\u56fd\u8036\u9c81<\/u><\/a>\u5927\u5b66\u6388\u4e88\u201c\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u5b66\u8005\u201d\u79f0\u53f7\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u8036\u9c81\u5927\u5b66\u5386\u53f2\u4e0a\u6700\u5e74\u8f7b\u7684\u201c\u8036\u9c81\u4e16\u754c\u5b66\u8005\u201d[10]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n 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\u3000\u30002016\u5e744\u6708\uff0c\u82ae\u6210\u94a2\u6848\u5f00\u5ead\u5ba1\u7406\u3002[21]2017\u5e742\u67086\u65e5\uff0c\u5a92\u4f53\u4eba\u6734\u62b1\u4e00\u5728\u5fae\u535a\u4e0a\u53d1\u5e03\u4e86\u4e00\u5f20\u5409\u6797\u7701\u86df\u6cb3\u5e02\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u6267\u884c\u901a\u77e5\u4e66\u7684\u7167\u7247\uff0c\u663e\u793a\u82ae\u6210\u94a2\u56e0\u72af\u884c\u8d3f\u3001\u53d7\u8d3f\u7f6a\u4e8e2016\u5e74\u88ab\u8be5\u9662\u5224\u5904\u6709\u671f\u5f92\u5211\u516d\u5e74\uff0c\u5211\u671f\u81ea2015\u5e745\u670818\u65e5\u8d77\u8ba1[22][23]\u30023\u670816\u65e5\uff0c\u86df\u6cb3\u5e02\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u300a\u86df\u6cb3\u5e02\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u96622016\u5e74\u751f\u6548\u88c1\u5224\u6587\u4e66\u7ecf\u5ba1\u6279\u4e0d\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ec6\u76ee\u88682\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u82ae\u6210\u94a2\u6240\u5c5e\u7684\u6848\u4ef6\u300a\u82ae\u67d0\u884c\u8d3f\u7f6a\u4e00\u6848\u4e00\u5ba1\u5211\u4e8b\u5224\u51b3\u4e66 \uff082016\uff09\u54090281\u5211\u521d131\u53f7\u300b\u88ab\u86df\u6cb3\u5e02\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u8ba4\u5b9a\u4e3a\u201c\u4eba\u6c11\u6cd5\u9662\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e0d\u5b9c\u5728\u4e92\u8054\u7f51\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u60c5\u5f62\u201d\uff0c\u4e0d\u4e88\u5728\u7f51\u4e0a\u516c\u5e03\u6b64\u88c1\u5224\u6587\u4e66\u3002[24]<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u30002020\u5e7411\u6708\uff0c\u82ae\u6210\u94a2\u83b7\u91ca[25]\u3002\u540c\u5e7412\u670818\u65e5\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u5efa\u62a5\u9053\u300b\u6307\u5176\u5c06\u83b7\u8058\u4e3a\u9999\u6e2f(\u4e13\u9898<\/a>)\u65b0\u9e3f\u57fa\u5730\u4ea7\u6d77\u5916\u5e02\u573a\u603b\u76d1\uff0c\u5e74\u85aa480\u4e07\u6e2f\u5143[26]\uff0c\u62a5\u9053\u53d1\u8868\u7fcc\u65e5\uff0c\u65b0\u5730\u53d1\u8868\u58f0\u660e\u5426\u8ba4[27]\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n \u3000\u3000\u590d\u51fa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n 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